Classification
of Garments Inspection and Its Description
Garments
Inspection:
Garments Inspection can be
defined as the visual examination or review of raw materials ( such as fabric,
buttons, zippers, sewing threads, trims etc), partially
finished components of the garments and completely finished garments in
relation to some standards, specifications or requirement as well as measuring
the garments to check if they meet the required measurements.
Garments Inspection
Garments
Inspection:
Garments inspection is
divided into 3 sections:-
1. Raw material Inspection:
2. In Process Inspection:
§ In marker Inspection
§ Fabric spreading section
§ Cutting section
§ Sewing section
3. Final Inspection:
§ Size of Garment
§ Form fitting
§ Faults of Apparel
§ Over all get up.
In-
Process Inspection:
In process inspection means
the inspection of parts before they are assembled into a complete product. In
Apparel manufacturing this means inspection at various points in the entire
manufacturing process from-
§ Marker making
§ Fabric spreading
§ Fabric cutting
§ Fabric sewing
§ Sewing defect
§ Seaming defect
§ Assembly defect
§ Pressing or finishing
a)
Marker making:-
Marker is a thin paper
which contains all the necessary pattern pieces for all sizes for a particular
style of garments.
Following are the points
should be considered before marker making-
1.
Fabric
width must be higher than marker width(1/2’’)
2.
Fabric
length must be higher than marker length (1’’+1’’)
3.
When
pattern pieces are laid down on the layer of fabric, grain line should be
parallel to the line of the warp in a woven fabric and Wales in knit fabric.
When pattern pieces are laid across the layers, the line is kept parallel to
weft/course.
4.
All
the pattern pieces of a garment should be along the same direction when laid
down on an asymmetric fabric.
5.
Length
of cutting table should be considered.
6.
Plan
for garments production should be considered.
7.
Distance
among the pieces of pattern should be as less as possible so that fabric can be
saved from wastage.
8.
In
computerized system, data should be given as input carefully.
9.
During
drawing on the marker paper, sharp edged pencil should be used.
b)
Fabric Spreading:
Spreading means the smooth
laying out of the fabric in superimposed layers of specific length. The marker
paper is laid on the top of the fabric layers.
Various factors that can
affect spreading should be cleaned such as-
1.
Correct
ply direction and lay stability.
2.
Elimination
of static electricity.
3.
Alignment
of fabric ply.
4.
Correct
ply tension.
5.
Fabric
must be flat.
6.
Elimination
of fabric flows.
7.
Easy
separation of cut lay into bundles.
8.
Avoidance
of fusion of plies during cutting.
9.
Avoidance
of distortion is spread.
10.
Matching
checks and stripe.
c)
Fabric Cutting:
1.
Marker
outline is used to cut the fabric.
2.
Precision
in cut that is the dimension of pattern and fabric parts is cut must be same.
3.
The
cut edge should be cleaned.
4.
Unfused
edge.
5.
Consistency
in cutting.
6.
Support
of lay.
7.
Proper
match size. If it is large then it in size then it can be seen after sewing of
fabrics. Also there is a great possibility of occurring problems in matching of
patterns after sewing.
8.
Drill
hole and must be appropriate and will be pleased in proper place. If it is too
large would be seen after sewing and if it is too small can be blocked easily.
d)
Fabric sewing:
§ Inspector must have the
qualities:-
§ Personal skills.
§ Technical and technological
knowledge.
§ Sense of design and
analytical capability.
§ Different types of sewing
defects should be checked and corrected that is needle damage, slipped stitch,
thread down off, uneven stitch, defected stitch etc.
§ Different types of seaming
defected should determined and corrected that is uneven width, uneven seam
line, use of wrong stitch type, wrong shade matching of thread etc.
§ Different types of assembly
defects should be corrected that is imperfect of size, use of wrong ticket,
missing of any part, imperfect matching of trimming etc.
e)
Pressing and finishing:
By this process, unwanted
crease and wrinkle are finished.
§ Inspection for fused area
or fused stain if any.
§ Inspection for water spot.
§ Inspection for shade variation
area.
§ Inspection for broken
chain, wrinkle and stretched garment area.
§ Inspection for proper
drying.
§ Inspection for proper shape
drying.
Final
Inspection:
Before shipment the final
evaluation of any garments lot is called final inspection or final audit. Final
inspection consists of inspecting finished garments from the buyer’s point of
view and the final inspection occurs after garments are packed in boxes. If it
is done after garments are packed, then proper size style markings on the boxes
can also checked. In any case there should be a list of points to be checked in
a garments including of finished measurement. The purpose of final inspection
is to make a sound judgment of and product whether it is accepted or rejected.
Usually final inspections
are conduct by the buyer’s representative. Most of the times the senior quality
control personnel the buying house or from the industry are performed the final
inspection. Sometimes the buyer engages third party inspection team in many
cases.
Final garments inspection
normally takes place at the manufacturer’s premises and essential visual and
manual examination for various criteria such as:
§ Design, Appearance,
Assembly, Measurements, Packing, Finishing, Fabric, Accessories, Color,
Labeling, Assortment, Style, Weights, Shipping marks.
Purposes
of Final Inspection:
1.
Buyer’s
can understand about the quality standard of the merchandise being purchased.
2.
Last
opportunity to know the quality status of the garments lot for both buyer and
supplier.
3.
It
is an important part of quality control activity in clothing industry.
4.
It
is an obvious condition from buyers end to conduct the final inspection.
Sequence
of Final Inspection for Garments:
To get the accuracy of
final garments inspection, we have to maintain a sequence of different steps is
as follows:-
1.
Verifying
packing list comparing with production order sheet.
2.
Determining
of lot size.
3.
Selecting
of inspection severity level and sampling plan.
4.
Preparation
of inspection.
5.
Checking
of cartoon.
6.
Selection
of cartoon.
7.
Checking
of packing and packaging.
8.
Selection
of sample (Sample packing).
9.
Checking
of sample (Garments).
10.
Checking
of measurements (Dimension).
11.
Recording
of defects/defectives.
12.
Tabulation
and evaluation of results.
13.
Drawing
of defective sample for reference.
14.
Filling
up of carton.
15.
Putting
of sticker and signature on carton.
16.
Preparation
of report.
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